irwin



July 17, 1928. 1,677,677

D. D. lRwlN SAGGAR MAKING MACHINE Filed July 25,4192? s sheets-sheet' J Z @n July 17, 1928.

1,677,677 D. D. IRWIN ETE-.21.

jul-w @Memup July 17, 1928. 1,677,677

- D. D. lRwlN SAGGAR MAKING hummm:

Filed July 25,- 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 #www Tfr-F71 V Patented July 17, 192s.

UNITED. ,y

DEWITT DILWORTH 1R.

winner ansa. Lnraiuooi', omo, AAssionoa or CNE-HALF rro emma 1e- KNQWLES. or'. Newer??? WEST. 'v'leolme Sedona-negrita. lncnriin. .y

Application. med Juiya, 19g?. sensing. 293,257.

'lheinvention relates. to machines used iny the: formationA of .saggars- .for thejchina manufacturing. and analogous industries,

Saggar Yforming machines commonly em-y body a. mold. member havingia removable bottom upon which a; quantity of clay org-the like is placed a plunger movable into kthe mold to displace. the- Clay-k and form' the saggarbetween themold and plunger7 and operating. means. for the plunger and1 the Vremovable bottom. After formationfof the saggar and removal thereof from the mold, sockets or the likefare commonly punched therein by hand to receive the usualvv pins Which either directly support vthe articles to Abe fired, .or hold them against tiltingfwhile standing on edge. f f

It is the object of'f the present. invention to. provide a plunger for a saggar. forming mold, provided with novelfand advantageous means for punching. the necessary "sockets .or openings-in the Completed saggar before Withdrawal of said plungery orfremovalfof thesaggar from the mold. i

VVit-h the foregoingin view, theinvention resides in the novel subject lmatter herein.-

after described and claimed, the description" being supplementedy by the aocompanying drawings. f 3o showing a saggar formingmachine constructedin accordance Withmy .IWQIIQ'H- Fig. 2. is an. enlargedV vertical sectional View through the mold; and the'y improved plunger, shoWi-ngone set vof fthev punches pm.- jected and another s et retracted.' I Fig. 3 is a horizontalA section, on line ofFigQ. l 2 Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional View through a mold and a punch-equipped plunger therefor, shapedy to form a' different kind of saggar .from that formed by the construct-ion of Figs. '1,' 2 and '3.

Figs. 5 and 6 are transverse sectional .Views dii on the correspondingly numberedrl-inesof rige. i a f Fig. 7 is a fragmentary elevatonpertly in section illustrating the manner in which the punch-operating cam shaftsolf Figs; l,

Fig. l is a side elevation, paitly'inseotion Zenddey be oonneeted .formo-vement id ueeonf desired- L In. the. drawings ebow` lerefiy deeebed,

8 1denotes .e Saggermold hevlng en. upwardly remoreble bottom 9, *and 1.0. denotes` e Plungerr-eo-opereble with; Seid moldin .forrz ing ya saggar 11. spacer 12 is shown. conneotog the upper end of` the. plunger 10. with e eroeeheed lheving @11.116114 into. which`4 plunger-operating .Sereni 15 is threaded", .Seid SereW beingrroteteblein either .direction by Conventional Ineens.v euoh` .es denoted at 16. Y

' 17 merely denotesgaiderods forthe head. 13 and r18 hee-refered@ to additional. rodesldebly connected with. Seid eroSS heed and. provided Wit.. .appropriate Ineens 20 Carrying the mold bottom 94 y l .All of theizconstruction so far. described is. Wellknown. and iemerely embodied in the f :present application. -togeve .e Complete understanding of the-invention hereinafter deeorbedf The Clay? isl Pleoed upon fthe bottom 9 AinA .the usuelpmenner, the. plonger l0 .fore'edl downwardly to displace. the dei@ end form the segger 1.1 between plunger endl mold, the punoheeiherenefter deseribedx are then( projected from the plunger 10 .to form the Pmreeeivng open;- ingeory sockets .2.1 in the: sagger well, euch punches. .ere-then retraetedthe' plunger 1.0 fis raised andafter suehi raising, the parte of thejmaehine 'deeigeedfor lifting the .bottom 9, come into play,- causing said bottomw to, `eject, the. Completed Saggi `from `the moldf. Yiy

Before' proceeding, it may be stated that the mold B'mayfbe. ofanydesred Shapednd size` aoco.ridingr to. the Construction of f the ,saggarto be produced, and theshape and size Y of? the plunger will of .Course very 4in "the Sifm. ,m'nne i plungerk 10 ishollow and 'is preferably formedfrom cast metal with its` bottom .and side wall integral, Whereasthe top` 22 ofl Seid; plunger. isv removable/and may be held .in place leyv any desired 4means such as oep* eerews; These same screws may, if deslredfbe used to Connect? the Smeer 12 with the plunger, as will be clear from Fig. 2. The bottom and top of the plunger are provided at proper locations with vertically alined bearings 24 and 25 respectively, each set of bearings receiving a vertical cam shaft 26. Vertical slots 27'` are formed in the side wall of the plunger and are spaced apart around the shaft 26, said slots having transversely stepped lside walls 28. lRemovable plates 29, preferably formed of steel, are received in these slots and are provided with stepped longitudinal edges tightly engaging the.` stepped side walls of said slots, said plates 29 being secured to the plunger wall by bolts thel punches hereinafter" described and mounting means for said punches, and they notv only generally facilitate manufacture and assembly of the machine, but are advantageous `in case repairs to any of the platecarried parts are necessary, as the proper plate may then be removed bodily with said parts, the necessary repairs made and said plate and parts replaced as a unit. v'31 denotes vertically spaced Vopenings in eachr plate 29, said openings slidably receiving slightly inclined punches 32 which are preferably provided with renewableV terminals 33. `The inner lends of these punches are formed with vertically alined eyes 34 through which vertical rods 35 pass, one rod being provided foreach set of'punches Spacing sleeves 36 surround the rods 35 between the eyes 34 and additional sleeves 36 are provided with 4oppositely` projecting arms 37.

rigidlycarried by the plates 29, said arms constituting guides movable along the Vstuds 38 asthe Vpunchesv 32 are projected and re tracte'd. Interposed between these armsand the Aplates. 29, are coiled compression springs t 39 which act to normally retract the punches 3.2, the inner ends of the studs 38 being pro,- vlded with appropriatestops 40 for limiting such retraction. Preferably the studs 38 are threaded' into the are merely the usual heads formed on said studs.f1 "V The punches 32 and associated parts are disposed in groups about the cam shafts 26 and theseshafts are provided with individual cams 41 for said groups,`said cams coacting with a number of the sleeves 36 to effect projection of the punches 32 as shown at the left of Figs. 2 and 3. Return of either shaft 26 to its normal position after projecticn'o'f the punches,'caus`es the springs 39 toagain retract .said punches, as will be clear from theright hand vportions ofFigs.

2 and 3. The sleeves 36 which engage the cams 41,"constitute anti-friction rollers and may well be hardened to resist wear. As the cams force outwardly upon these rollers to effect projection of the punches 32, said 30. These plates carry a These arms are formedV with openings slidably receiving studs 3S which are.

plates 29 vand the stops 40V cams have a tendency to cant thepunches. To counteract this tendency however, I provide rollers 42 at the upper and lower ends of the rods 35 contacting with rigid fingers 43 carried by the plates 29.

Any desired means may' be provided for turning the shafts 26. 44 yin Figs. land 2 y ythey are .preferably located within the hollow plunger 10.

` 'Any desired number of p operating shafts therefor,may be employed, according tothe size and shape of the mold 8 andthe plunger, determinedy by the char-v acter of saggar to be constructed.' Thema# chine shown in Figs. 1,2 and 3 is for the construction of 'asingle-banjo saggar and the sockets 21 formed in the saggar wall by the punches 32, will receivethe. usualpins provided rfor the support of. the articles to be fired in said saggar.` Preferably','the' mold is soconstructed as to provide a surplus of vmaterial 47 atv the Vouter ends of the sockets 21, so that ythe latter will not ymaterially weaken thelsaggar. A

After operation of the plunger 10 to di`splace the clay and form `the saggar, the punches are brought into operation to'form the sockets 21, and upon retraction of said punches,`the plunger is withdrawn andthe completedl saggar removed from the mold in the usual way. It will thus be seen that the socket-forming operation may be quickly and easily performed, in a manne-rgreatly advantageous over -theY customary hand method of'socket formation. 1

Figs. 4, 5 and 6' disclose a mold 3a and hollow plunger 1()a to forma saggar in which the articles stand on edge andare held against ltiltingfby pins passed horizontally across the' saggar. The punches 32EL (if-this vplunger 10a, arel disposedin horizontal rows andare of such lengths as to form Aopenings '21a entirely through one wall of the sagg'ar and sockets 21 inthe opposite side, permitting the article-holding pins toy be passed throughy said openingsand into-said sockets. The mounting meansrfor thevpunehesp32 are substantial duplicates of the mounting Awith rollers or sleeves 36ay copperable with cams 41a on a horizontally disposed caml shaft26a,hand the cantingaction of the cams Y upon the punches is resisted by rollers 42El and 'rigid fingers 43a co-operablc therewith.

The ends of the shafts 26ZL are mounted in,

punch sets n and llo 'rauf were?? appropriatebearings 24* secured' in'l recesses 24b inthe end wall ofthe' plunger.

For rotating shaft"26",` Iy have'shown it provided with a pinion 48Ameshing with'a gear segment 49, said segment being carried by a hand lever 50 f'u'lcrumed at 5l upon .theV

topV plate 22a of the plunger". Preferably, the ends of the segmenty 49 strike this top plate to limit therotation ofthe shaft 26a.

The member 52shown" in Figs. 5 and 6 is merely a conventional filler which is used when the saggar lla is to be of less height than the distance between the plunger bottom and the top plate 22a.

In any form of the invention, the bottom of the hollow plunger may be provided with a poppet valve 52 if desired, for the purpose of admitting air to the saggar as the plunger is withdrawn from it, thus overcoming any tendency to form a vacuum and draw the saggar away from the mold 8. Air may of course find` its way into the hollow plunger at numerous points and, if desired, special openings could be provided for this purpose.

Excellent results may be obtainedfrom the general construction shown and described and hence such construction may well be followed. However, within the scope of the invention as claimed, numerous variationsV may be made.

l. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow form provided with openings from its inner to its outer periphery, saggar punches slidably received in said openings, and operating means for said punches embodying punch-projecting cams connected for rotation in unison.

2. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow form provided with openings from its inner to its outer periphery, saggar punches slidably received in said openings, and operating.

means for said plungers embodying a plurality of rotatable punch projecting cams mounted on a common aXis substantially parallel with the plunger wall, connected for rotation in unison and disposed at the inner ends of the punches.

3. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow form provided with openings from its inner to its outer periphery, saggar punches slidably received in said openings, connecting means-between the inner ends of said punches extending substantially parallel with the plunger wall, means for normally retracting said punches, and a cam shaft substantially parallel with said connecting means and rotatably carried by the plunger, said cam shaft having cam means for projecting the plungers.

4. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow form and provided with openings from its inner to its outer periphery, saggar punches slidable in said openings and having eyes at their inner ends, a rod passing through said eyesan'd connecting' said punchesfor movement inl unison, rollers between` said eyes having"openin`gs through which said vrod'l passes, means" acting' on f saidv rod. to normally retract the punches, and means en` gagingsai'd rollersvfor' simultaneously projecting said punches.

5. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow form andprovided `with openings from its inner to its outer periphery, saggar punches slidable in said openings and having eyes at their inner ends, a rod passing through said eyes and connecting the punches for movement inv unison, sleeves on said rod having oppositely projecting guides, rigid studs car 1ied by the side wall of the plunger and slidably received in said guides, coiled springssurrounding said studs and engaging said guides to normally effect re traction of the punches, and means for projecting said punches.

6. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow form-and provided with openings from its inner to its outer periphery, punches slid able in` said openings and having eyes at their inner ends, a rod passing through said eyes and connecting said punches for movement in unison, spacing sleeves on the rod between said eyes and constituting rollers, and operating means for the -punches embodying cam means co-operable with said rollers.

7. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow Vform and provided with openings from its inner to its outer periphery, punches vslidable in said openings and having eyes yat their inner ends, a rod passing through said eyes and projecting beyond the endmostof the punches, spacing sleeves on the 1od between the eyes and constituting rollers, additional sleeves on the projecting ends of the rod provided with oppositely projecting guides, rigid studs carried by the side wall.

of the plunger and slidably received in said guides, coiled springs'surrounding said studs and acting against said guides to normally effect retraction of the punches, and projecta ing means for said punches embodying cam means co-operable with said rollers. 8. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow form and provided with-openings from its inner to its outer periphery, saggar punches slidable in said openings, means connecting the inner ends of said punches for movement in unison, rollers carried by said connecting means. andrigid lingers carried by the plunger wall and engaging said rollers; together with cam means at the inner ends of the punches for projecting the same, said rollers and fingers holdingl the punches against canting under the iniuence of said cam means.

9. A saggar-forming plunger of hollow form and provided with a slot which opens through both its inner and outer peripheries,

lOfi

a removable plate secured in said slot and having openings from its inner to its outer side, saggar punches slidablein said openings, means movably mounting said punches upon said plate for removal bodily With 10 form provided With openings 'from its inner to its outer side, punches slidaloly received in said openings, cam means for projecting said punches, said cam means exerting a lateral stress on the punches, and means for resisting said lateral stress to prevent cant 15 ingfof the punches in the openings.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

DEWITT DILWORTH IRWIN.. 

